Discuss About Intravenous Urography Health And Social Care Essay

I would wish to talk roughly endovenous Urography in this paper. Intravenous Urography or simply known as IVU is a procedure to dissect the urinary framework by using contrast media. It had been begin using in twelvemonth 1930 to investigate the miracles of urinary framework. It is performed to analyzed nephritic guide and explores the life systems of the kidneys, ureters and urinary vesica. The indicants for executing an IVU examination are associated urinary piece with land pathology, rehashed hurt, haematuria, injury and test of hypotension in youthful adult. Urography may other than use to execute the pre-or post-helpful evalution of rock illness. The urography imaging grouping is configuration to gracefully symptomatic. The differentiation media is brought to the kidneys through blood course, sifted in the glomeruli and packed in the nephritic tubules. At that point the complexity media will conveyed to the pelvic support, ureter and vesica where radio-murky show on X-beam motio n pictures. Ordinarily this examination will be performed by the doctor to maintain a strategic distance from disastrous occurrences. The aim of IVU is the essential test for urinary infection, for example, urinary stone, urinary rednesss, urinary injury and obstructor, arranged and contraindications. Some fundamental shields are taken to maintain a strategic distance from the hypersensitive responses. This protections incorporate ask whether patient is adversely affected by any clinical forte or supplement, shows restraint ( grown-up females ) pregnant or have any chance to pregnancy inside a hebdomad and any ailments that may do patient to hold anaphylactic shock during examination. Supplies that are required during Intravenous Urography are exigency truck to the full prepared and conveniently positioned, instrument for infusion is masterminded on a little, versatile even exhibit or on a plate, frequently utilized unfertile focuses must be promptly accessible, dispensable acerate leafs and panpipes are broadly utilized in this procedure, nonsterile focuses, for example, pressure wrap, minimal waste receptacle, upchuck bowl, expendable rub, differentiate media that is required, and dressing for cut site must be required. Other than that, a cushion or collapsed tower that can be place under patient ‘s cubitus during the infusion of difference media to reduce power per unit region. The hardware for endovenous removal gear are 50ml syringe, make fulling needle, skin schoolwork, gluey tape, decision of acerate leafs, straight/'Butterfly ‘ 16,19,21,23 gage and pressure wrap or blood power per unit zone turnup. Crisis medications and gear, for example, ster oid infusion, adrenaline infusion, antihistamine infusion, endovenous dextrose stream and O for motivation must be checked each twenty-four hours and simple to get during IVU investigation. Essentially, we are using 3 kinds of differentiation media during IVU investigation. They are Niopam 300, Omnipaque 350 and Urograffin 370. Dosages of differentiation media that infused into a 70 kilogram, ordinary blood urea adult are 50 milliliters through endovenous. Before infused the complexity media to quiet, the differentiation media must be warmed to represent temperature. To shoot the differentiation media into the vena, a 19 gage acerate leaf must be punctured into the normal cubital vena. At that point the difference media that been warmed to around 36-37 evaluation Celsius will be infused. This procedure is ever performed by the Radiologists or doctor. At that point films are taken at stretches will show entire nephritic framework. At the twenty-four hours of examination, tolerant is requiring to adjust to emergency clinic outfit. Make certain patient had exhausting the vesica to thwart weakening of balance media with pee. Understanding is set on the plain exhibit with prostrate spot in the X-beam room, the MSP of the patient opposite to the midplane of the matrix. Bolster tolerant ‘s articulatio family by using a cushion to chop down plunged shape of lumbar spinal segment. This can flexibly a progressively comfortable spot to understanding. Pressure gadgets must be set up before the investigation, with the goal that it will be prepared to application in a particular clasp. Get a primer radiogram of the venters. At that point fix for the main post-infusion before the differentiation medium is infused. A tape with film is put in the bucky even exhibit, place the tape and set on markers on the tape. Changes are made on spotlight and presentation factors dependent on the prelim film. Difference media for inf usion purpose is readied using sterile method. Organization of complexity media into understanding ‘s natural structure is ordinarily done by the doctor orchestrating to the patient ‘s natural structure size, ages and weight. A few radiogram will be taken at determined stretches get bringing down from the clasp the differentiation media is completely radiates into persistent ‘s natural structure. In around 2 to 8 proceedingss the differentiation media will get down to glance in the pelvicaliceal framework. Understanding interest to exhaust their vesica as the examination is finished and a radiogram will be taken to ensure that differentiate media is completely expelled from the natural structure. The run of the mill presentation esteems for IVU are 65-75kVp, 50-70mAs, 100cm of Film Focusing Distance ( FFD ) , utilized framework to lessen spread radiation and use normal film/screen. 5 X-beam motion pictures will be taken during this examination. The principal X beam other than known as starter film is an ordinary mid-region X beam. The film ought to incorporate the greater part of the venters and pelvic support ( kidneys, ureters and vesica ) . On the off chance that the film is demoing unacceptable part, for example, gases and a tonss of fecal issues inside the patient venters, we may hold to prorogue the investigation. This is cause by the patient that did non follow the course right. This is generally go on the out-of-entryway tolerant. This examination will be go on when patient have accomplished legitimate preparing. The second film ( prompt film ) is after the patient is infused with the differentiation media. The purpose of this film is to show AP nephritic illness by demoing nephrogram, models the nephritic parenchyma. The third film or just known as 5 proceedingss film is taken to discover whether farther dose of differentiation media is required or non . We may utilize compaction to enlarge pelvicalyceal framework with the goal that it can plainly show make fulling deserts in the third film ( 15 proceedingss film ) . The Forth film ( 25 proceedingss film ) is taken to show the stretched vesica. This should be possible by concentrating 15 degree caudal angulations and the upper limit line of the symphysis pubic bone is focused. The last film ( station pee film ) will show the exhausting achievement of vesica and the prior extend lower terminals of ureters had been come back to ordinary. There are other than some additional projections required, for example, inspiratory, expiratory and sideways projection with the goal that relationship of opacities and make fulling imperfections to the nephritic real estate parcel is illustrated. Reason for imaging is to show lineations nephritic and conquer obscuring from the gastro enteric real estate parcel. A quick station infusion radiogram should show the kidneys expansion in thickness as a result of the difference inside the uriniferous tubules. Distinctive thickness nephrograms may bespeak nephritic arteria injury, if this is associated an arrangement with films at 1, 2, and 3 proceedingss after infusion can pass on increasingly exact visual picture. The kidney lineations ought to be smooth and does non concentrating contrast media. In the event that it is concentrating the medium, it is likely reason by tumors. The calyces, nephritic pelvic support and bit of ureter ought to be seeable in the 5 or 10 proceedingss film. The two kidneys should hold a similar thickness as the nephrogram is decreased. In the event that we see 1 of the kidney thickness is lower, it may be cause by ureteric infections, for example, urinary obstructor. To discover site of obstructor, a deferred film is required after 45 to 60 proceedingss after infusion. 15 proceedingss film will demo the reason for urinary obstructor. Urinary obstructor may be brought about by stne, coagulum or tumor close the ureteric opening. On the off chance that the ureters are widened, the reason is likely in the vesica or urethra. The aim of taking vesica film is to name the unnatural size of vesica that may be cause urinary sicknesses. Instances of the maladies are prostate extension, urethral obstructor, neurogenic vesica, TB, Schisotosomiasis, rocks, calcification, tumor and gas in the vesica. It is the obligation of a Radiographer to use to patient and radiographer to reduce the radiation dosages that get. Rules refering radiation insurance are utilizing gonad shield to quiet in the event that it does non cover the piece of association. Collimation should be applied with the goal that solitary piece of association simply will have radiation. Do non emphasize the examination with the goal that patient will non have outer radiation. Male patient will be shield for all examinations. Some patient may given a few side effects, for example, ailment, minor urticarial roseolas, once in a while awful laryngeal hydrops, anaphylactic surprise and cardiovascular worry. As the signs of these side effects show up on tolerant, infusion of difference media must be halted in a flash. Crisis medications, for example, antihistamines and steroids are given to tolerant. Choice is IVU is a protected investigation with all the set up in the X-beam room and it gives detail data to doctor for analyze goal.

Causes of Depression in the 1890s

Reasons for Depression during the 1890s Outline This paper gives intuition into the event of the worldwide discouragement of the 1890s. It is established on the expressions of Henry Lawson ‘there is no jail like the city for a poor man.’ The early on segment gives a general clarification of the event of the depression.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Causes of Depression during the 1890s explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The foundation data elucidates the different circumstances that prompted the financial insecurity that brought about an emergency. The remainder of the paper at that point clarifies the particular reasons for the melancholies and its impacts on white people. Presentation The 1890s denoted a critical move that caused a delayed time of monetary unsteadiness everywhere throughout the world. The downturn had extreme ramifications on the lives of numerous networks all around. As indicated by Rockoff, business turned into an unmistakable issue because of the co nclusion of gold mines and ventures in different pieces of the world, for example, Australia, Canada, and the United States1. Drifting markets and flooding of both neighborhood and fare items changed the patterns of modern creation since purchasers offered fantastically low costs in return for wares. An assortment of elements prompted the downturn of the 1890s. For the most part, the downturn prompted worldwide exchange and industry instability that broke numerous business interrelationships among countries. Enlivened by the downturn, Henry Lawson composed ‘there is no jail like the city for a poor man’. In the light of these words, this paper uncovers the reasons for the downturn during the 1890s and the impacts it had on the white ladies and men. Foundation of the Depression During the last 50% of the nineteenth century, the world experienced a progression of mechanical headways that assumed an incredible job to change the manner in which individuals lived. Himmelberg uncovers that the progression of the whaling business along with the innovation of oil altered mechanical activities2. This circumstance prompted critical improvements in mining and agrarian ventures among 1870s and the late 1880s. Nations created solid interrelations with the British and the European settlements whose money related help empowered the development of industries3.Advertising Looking for article on history? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The tremendous extension of the mining business pulled in numerous individuals. For example, the Chinese individuals moved to Australia to look for openings for work in the gold mines. The disclosure of gold brought about the gold rush era that enhanced the enthusiasm of different nations in Australia and the United States. Essentially, the farming area likewise extended. Creation quickened in material businesses, therefore prompting expanded fares to Britain, Europe, and di fferent nations that shaped gigantic markets for the developing ventures. Some industrializing nations, particularly Canada, the United States, and Australia increased critical worldwide notoriety subsequent to getting a charge out of social, financial, and political soundness. By the second from last quarter of1880s, created economies had entered significant business interrelations with these nations. Outside interests in these nations got apparent as outsider forces wandered into the most noteworthy financial segments. English and European provinces kept on financing modern exercises that occurred in Canada, America, and Australia. By and large, gigantic advancements in mechanical innovation and the gained money related security prompted overproduction. Thus, send out items overwhelmed universal markets. This circumstance mirrored a diminishing interest for the items and a comparative decline in cost. Obviously, obligation was turning into a risk for industrializing nations. By th e beginning of 1890s, the outside obligation had surpassed the advantage base. This circumstance denoted the start of depression4. The British and European states pulled back the monetary help they had been offering to help mechanical creation. Generally, they depleted all their financial balances and requested reimbursement. The financial situation compounded to the degree that the indebted person countries couldn't reimburse the credits it had obtained from the British and European capitals. What caused the downturn? Reasons for Depression during the 1890s Overdependence on Foreign Capital Although numerous improvements happened during the 1870s and the late 1880s, capital stayed an issue to numerous nations. This circumstance prompted obtaining across nations to fulfill the capital requests for the developing areas of the economy. Numerous nations were all the while growing their creation limits. For example, Australia depended intensely on outside capital from the British coloni es.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Causes of Depression during the 1890s explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Australian government required cash to extend the gold mines as well as lift the farming division. Mining and horticulture were the fundamental financial exercises in Australia. They outperformed creation in comparative segments in the United States. To determine money related deficiencies, Australia acquired robust entireties from the British states to subsidize the then continuous modern turns of events. Garrett, Kozak, and Rhine reveal that by 1893, the Australian obligation surpassed its assets5.The government couldn't reimburse the congested obligation to the British. Thus, British settlements pulled back their monetary help from Australia. This circumstance didn't just occur in Australia yet in addition in the United States. The United States had deficient funding to build up transport systems and gold stores. Subsequently, the nation depended vigorously on European settlements for capital. The Europeans additionally wandered into the gold speculations. By 1892, they had huge offers in the gold market. The Europeans built up their own financial frameworks in the United States to ease capital and benefits move. Notwithstanding, the circumstance exacerbated as the United States obligation expanded to the final turning point. It couldn't repay the advances to the European settlements. Subsequently, the European speculators pulled back the budgetary help and began depleting the gold assets in an offer to have their capital repaid. By 1893, the United States entered a time of sorrow due to overreliance on remote capital. The two conditions prompted the exhaustion of gold mines in Australia and the United States. As indicated by Himmelberg, the results of exhausting the gold mines in the two nations prompted genuine despondencies that presented frenzy to the propagation of the economies6. Conclusion of gold mine s got certain as the two economies fell beneath creation limits. Numerous individuals lost their positions and a few outsiders started to escape back to their own nations while others moved to different nations to look for businesses. Industrialisation and Overproduction Many nations experienced modern change during the 1880s. Effective economies, for example, Europe and Britain overfunded the development of ventures and different advancements in the lesser economies7. This kindness prompted abundance of ventures. Because of mechanical advancement along with outside reserve, organizations could deal with higher creation limits. The reliance on outside capital encouraged the capacity of building up more production lines and mine plants. Mining was the most critical area during the provincial time frame. The gold mines in Australia and the United States extended essentially, hence drawing in progressively outside financial specialists. The presence of many mining fields prompted overe xploitation of gold in Australia and America.Advertising Searching for exposition on history? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More So also, the sudden extension of the horticultural business prompted the flooding of farming items in both the nearby and outside business sectors. Ranchers utilized this chance to obtain gigantic advances to buy proficient homestead hardware that could deal with business cultivating obligations. Evidently, ranchers utilized these outside awards to improve their homesteads with manures and yield assortments. The utilization of cutting edge cultivating techniques in the farming business brought about expanded creation of oats, for example, wheat and maize for both nearby utilization and fare markets. Essentially, the sugar business experienced comparative farming turns of events, with the United States driving in sugar creation. Meat cultivating agrarian ventures overloaded cows. Overloading prompted the unfavorable debasement due to overgrazing. Animals related items additionally overwhelmed the market. With numerous nations encountering overproduction, numerous items from the enterp rises overflowed the nearby and the worldwide market. This circumstance prompted amazingly high gracefully of items with less client request. Notwithstanding the expanded creation of farming and mine items, nations endured huge misfortunes since both the nearby and fare markets were overwhelmed with items. The interest for items fell. This event prompted unimportant benefits. In 1893, the blasting business unexpectedly fallen, subsequently bringing about an unfriendly depression8. Property Speculation Rainey uncovers that the idea of business relations that existed between nations up to the late 1880s was profoundly theoretical. The European and British settlements intensely subsidized interests in territories, for example, United States and Australia with the point of procuring more benefits consequently. The innovation of gold mines persuaded the blasting economies to finance defenseless economies with predictable advantages. In any case, the expectation of benefactor nations didn 't emerge during the 1890s. The theoretical business prompted dazzle financing by the European and British provinces without considering the future monetary state

What Is Biofeedback and How Does It Work

What Is Biofeedback and How Does It Work Theories Biological Psychology Print What Is Biofeedback and How Does It Work? By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 29, 2018 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on May 16, 2019 Frances Twitty / Getty Images More in Theories Biological Psychology Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Psychosocial Psychology Biofeedback is a mind-body technique that involves using visual or auditory feedback to gain control over involuntary bodily functions. This may include gaining voluntary control over such things as heart rate, muscle tension, blood flow, pain perception, and blood pressure. This process involves being connected to a device with sensors that provide feedback about specific aspects of your body. A Closer Look at Biofeedback The goal of biofeedback is often to make subtle changes to the body that result in a desired effect. This might include relaxing certain muscles slowing heart rate or respiration, or reducing feelings of pain. By doing this, people are often able to improve their physical, emotional, and mental health. For example, biofeedback can also be used to help people better manage the symptoms of a condition. The Association for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback?? defines biofeedback as a process that allows people to alter their physiological activity in order to improve health or performance. Utilizing precise measurement instruments, information about the bodys functions are provided to the user. They suggest: The presentation of this informationâ€"often in conjunction with changes in thinking, emotions, and behaviorâ€"supports desired physiological changes. Over time, these changes can endure without continued use of an instrument. Types of Biofeedback There are many different types of biofeedback. The specific approach you choose to utilize might depend upon what you hope to accomplish and what your therapist or physician recommends. Some of the available options include: Breathing: Respiratory biofeedback involves wearing sensor bands around the chest and abdomen to monitor breathing rates and patterns. With training, people can learn to have greater control over their breathing rates which can help in a variety of situations. Heart rate: This type is known as heart rate variability biofeedback?? and there is some evidence that it might possibly be useful for a number of different disorders including asthma and depression. Patients using this type of biofeedback wear a device connected to sensors in either the ears or fingers or sensors placed on the wrists, chest, or torso. These devices measure heart rate as well as heart rate variability. Galvanic skin response: This type of biofeedback involves measuring the amount of sweat on the surface of the skin. Galvanic skin response, also known as skin conductance, is a useful marker for detecting levels of emotional arousal. Aside from the obvious thermoregulatory function of sweat, emotional stimulation can also easily trigger sweating. The more strongly people are aroused, the stronger their skin conductance will be. Blood pressure: This type of biofeedback involves wearing a device that measures blood pressure. These devices provide information about the patients blood pressure and often guide the user through relaxation techniques that may rely on visual cues, breathing exercises, or music. While such devices have gained popularity, one study reviewing eight previous trials did not find convincing evidence that this type of biofeedback has any lasting long-term impact on hypertension.?? Skin temperature: In this form of biofeedback, patients wear sensors that detect blood flow to the skin. Because people often experience a drop in body temperature during times of stress, such devices can help people better detect when they are starting to feel distressed. A low reading on one of these monitors can indicate a need to utilize some stress management techniques. Brain waves: This type of biofeedback, often referred to as neurofeedback, involves utilizing electroencephalography (EEG) to measure brain wave activity. Scalp sensors are connected to an EEG device. Neurofeedback is sometimes used as a non-invasive treatment for ADHD, pain, addiction, anxiety, depression, and other disorders. Muscle tension: In this type of biofeedback, sensors are placed at various points on the body and connected to an electromyography (EMG) device. This device detects changes in muscle tension over time by monitoring electrical activity that results in muscle contractions. How Is Biofeedback Used? Biofeedback has been used for a range of applications, including:?? Treating tension headaches, migraines, and other painControlling high and low blood pressureAlleviating digestive disorders such as irritable bowel syndromeHelping patients control physical reactions to stress or anxietyAiding in relaxation and stress managementEEG feedback has also been shown to be beneficial in managing symptoms of certain brain injuries and attention deficit disorder, and there is some evidence suggesting it might be efficacious in depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. Biofeedback is particularly useful for managing stress as well as symptoms of conditions that may be exacerbated by stress.?? For example, therapists might use biofeedback to help patients control their response to stress. Chronic stress can have a wide range of negative health effects including decreased immunity, heart disease, depression, digestive problems, and sleep disorders. By learning how to manage the stress response using biofeedback, patients are able to decrease the harmful physical and psychological effects of stress. How Does Biofeedback Work? So how exactly does biofeedback work? By learning how to recognize the physical signs and symptoms of stress and anxiety, such as increased heart rate, body temperature, and muscle tension, people are able to learn how to relax. Scientists believe that it is often the stress response, the bodys tendency to go into a state of fight-or-flight in order to deal with potential threats, that often exacerbates certain conditions. By learning how to control physiological responses to stress, biofeedback patients are able to learn how to relax their minds and bodies and better cope with the symptoms of stress. So what is a typical biofeedback session like? Electrical sensors will be connected to specific areas of your body, depending upon the type of response being measured. These sensors will be connected to a measurement device that will provide feedback on your physical responses. During your session, your therapist will guide you through different mental exercises that may involve visualization, meditation, breathing, or relaxation techniques. As you perform these activities, you will receive information on your physical response from the measurement device. How Long Does Biofeedback Take? A biofeedback session will often last between 30 and 60 minutes. The duration of treatment and the number of sessions required depends on many factors, including how well you respond to the training, the condition you are focusing on, and your goals for treatment. A typical course of treatment often includes 4 to 6 sessions, although 8 to 10 sessions are also not uncommon. How Much Does Biofeedback Cost? Costs for biofeedback can vary considerably, often ranging from $35 to $85 per biofeedback session. Fees can vary depending upon the training, qualification, and experience of the biofeedback therapist. There are also a number of in-home biofeedback devices and wearables available on the market. Such devices can range considerably in price, with some costing as low as $20 and more expensive ones costing thousands. How Effective Is Biofeedback? Biofeedback is often considered a type of training, rather than a treatment. With training and practice, biofeedback can be used to help people develop new skills that may help them to better cope or perform.?? In order to be effective, biofeedback requires that patients play an active role in their treatment. Success also usually requires that patients regularly practice between training sessions. Biofeedback Devices Biofeedback devices utilized for clinical purposes are regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Biofeedback devices are often available through a biofeedback therapists office or the office of another health practitioner. A number of biofeedback devices can be purchased for personal, in-home use. Such devices often involve wearing sensors that record information and can then be plugged into a computer. Other wearable devices utilize sensors that then provide information via an app on your mobile device. A quick perusal of biofeedback devices available through online retailers such as Amazon.com reveals a number of wearable instruments ranging from muscle sensors to skin response units to brain wave monitors. Such devices make a wide variety of claims and target a number of different ailments such as migraines, pelvic floor weakness, snoring, depression, ADHD, autism, sleep disruptions, and more. Before you purchase any type of personal biofeedback device, spend some time examining the claims. Many such devices make claims that are highly exaggerated and not supported by research. It is important to know that most of the devices you see available for purchase have not been evaluated for safety or effectiveness by the Food and Drug Administration. Talk to your therapist about which devices they recommend. Reasons to Use Biofeedback Like other approaches to treatment, biofeedback has both its own set of upsides and downsides. It may not be right for everyone, so it is important to consider the benefits and risks before you determine if it the best choice for your situation. So what are some of the reasons why you might consider using biofeedback? It Can Be an Alternative or Addition to Other Treatments Biofeedback may appeal in situations where other treatments have not been effective or where people are unable to take certain medications. Because biofeedback is non-invasive, patients may prefer it in situations where other treatments may be more invasive or disrupting. Biofeedback training can also be used as one part of a treatment approach. People often choose to utilize biofeedback to augment other treatments. You Want to Better Manage Your Stress Biofeedback also teaches people how to control their own responses in stressful situations, which can help people feel more in control. This can help people better manage the stress they may face in their daily life, cope with feelings of anxiety, or handle stress that results from another health condition. Other Mental Health Benefits of Biofeedback In addition to helping people better manage stress and other conditions,  biofeedback can also have additional mental health benefits. The training process can help people learn new techniques for managing their anxiety and emotional responses. Such training can also help people take charge of their health, which may help people feel more empowered and in control. What Are the Risks of Biofeedback? Biofeedback is generally thought of as a safe procedure, but you should always talk to your physician or therapist about your options before you begin. Biofeedback is not necessarily right for everyone and other approaches might work better for your unique situation. If you do decide biofeedback is right for you, be sure to check on the credentials of the professional treating you and be aware of the possible costs of your biofeedback trainings, including the cost per session and expenses associated with devices you may need to purchase. A Word From Verywell Biofeedback is one option that may help you gain greater control over your physical responses and behaviors. Consider the potential benefits, risks, and costs associated with this type of training before you decide if it might be right for you.

Is Tattooing A New Physical Representation - 1860 Words

As generations progress from teenage years to adulthood, a new physical representation also rises with young adults. Though not all may participate with the given trend, there are those who find individuality within societally approved social boundaries. Compared especially to the 1960s trend of long hair representing a sense of freedom and independence, tattooing within the last decade provides a similar effect for those who participate in the kind of body modification. Regardless, the art of tattooing remains a controversial issue despite the increase in participation within the upcoming adult and young adult generations. Initially used â€Å"to provide a means by which those with poor character could be easily identified† (Whorton 3) by numerous societies throughout history, this purpose displays why we continue to place prejudices on those who participate in the aspect of society today. However, with an increase in the amount of people getting tattoos, more employers are f aced with the decision on whether or not they will accept applicants with visible body art. Despite an obvious progression of the acceptance of tattoos within general society because of the younger adult generation, does this kind of body modification still significantly inhibit the probability of succeeding in the professional world? During the last couple of years, â€Å"30% of adults ages 18-29 and 32% of adults ages 30-45 reported having at least one tattoo.† (Whorton 11) furthering the argument that theShow MoreRelatedCultural Tattoos Essay1539 Words   |  7 Pagespeople, there have been methods of distinction amongst them. Throughout the years we have discovered ways in which to express our beliefs, our ideals, and our passions. Tattooing has been one of forefront methods in expressing our humanity, or in certain cases, our lack there of. For so many, they have taken on many different representations, each with an equal level of significance. The importance found in t he symbolism of tattoos and their cultural relevance has consistently been a trend found throughoutRead MoreTattooed: The Sociogenesis of Body Art by Michael Atkinson965 Words   |  4 PagesMichael Atkinson had many questions about the stigma that comes with the tattooed body, but not very many answers, so in his book Tattooed: The Sociogenesis Of Body Art, he set out to find why such a large number of Canadians are currently turning to tattooing as an outward appearance of self-expression rather than clothing or free speech and tries to explain why individual habituse ´s, otherwise known as personality structures or second natures, fluctuate over time (Atkinson, 2003: 13). 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The National Consumers’ League, founded in 1890 in New York, allowed and encouraged middle- and upper-class women to use their purchasing power for social change. The League urged women to boycott department stores whose poor wages and working conditions harmed saleswomen, and it publicised the labels ofRead MoreDo Tattoos Make A Mark On More Than Just Your Skin?4666 Words   |  19 Pagesfindings. I have also expressed my thoughts and views on what I was uncovering through my research. Chapter One The Evolving Popular Culture of Tattoos For the past five thousand years the art of tattooing has been practiced by many people across many different cultures. The word ‘tattoo’ was derived from the Polynesian word ‘ta’ which means striking something and the Tahitian word ‘tatau’ which means ‘to mark something’. Traditionally many years ago

Analysis of Edgar Allan Poe´s The Tell-Tale Heart - 605 Words

â€Å"The Tell- Tale Heart†, written in 1843, is a simultaneous horror and mental story presented in a first- person perspective, in which Edgar Allan Poe, the author, portrays that the significant influence of inner guilty and fear on narrator’s insane. The author achieves this in the means of figurative languages, symbolism and the plot of the story. Through the whole story, there is no doubt that guilty plays a tremendously crucial role. It is obvious that symbolism is used for many times. To begin with, the evil eye is one of the reasons why the narrator wants to kill the old man. â€Å"I undid it just so much that a single think ray fell upon the culture eye† (page 1)He refers the old man’s eyes as evil and vulture-like eyes. As we all know, vulture is the type of animals who attack dead animals. He is afraid of the old man’s vulture-like eyes mainly because he thinks that he will be dead, therefore, he plans to kill the old man. Furthermore, the heart beat symbolizes the narrator’s conscience and the guilty over a murder because the old man has never done something wrong. Since the corpse is just under his seat, he is afraid of being found that the old man is killed by him, which causes him to be extremely guilt, therefore, he heard the beat. So, the evil eyes and beating heart can clearly portra y the crucial effects of guilty. What’s more, the use of figurative languages poses a great amount of influences on present the theme of guilty. Repetition is definitely one of theShow MoreRelatedAn Analysis Of Edgar Allan Poe s The Tell Tale Heart 1015 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Insane in the Membrane† Edgar Allan Poe is one of the most acclaimed short story writers of all time and is considered the father of the psychological thriller. He has achieved ever-lasting fame for his work in various fields of literature, from prose to verse. However, it is his Gothic narrative, in the short story realm he is greatest known for and is regarded as one of the foremost masters of horror that the United States has ever fashioned. The crucial component to these horror stories isRead MoreAnalysis Of Edgar Allan Poe s Tell Tale Heart Essay1401 Words   |  6 Pagesstereotypical â€Å"mean girl’ in life. But are you a mean girl only because you are insecure about yourself, or do you genuinely have nothing better to offer society than cruel comments on people’s appearance. Very much like a â€Å"mean girl† in Edgar Allan Poe’s Tell Tale Heart, it is a thrilling mystery with murder. The story is basically about a man who is a server to an old man who has an odd looki ng eye. It is not the old man’s fault for his appearance, nor should the old man deserve the cruel thought, thatRead MoreAnalysis Of Edgar Allan Poe s The Tell Tale Heart 1291 Words   |  6 Pagessecrets hidden in the story line that does it? Individually when each of you close your eyes and visualise a book that has been flicked by hundreds and has been adored what comes to mind? The famous Edgar Allan Poe stands out in the history of gothic texts, especially his novel the â€Å" Tell-Tale Heart†. However there is a numerous amount of contemporary texts based off this genre including Tim Burton’s â€Å" Vincent†. In this presentation I hope to engage you in the history of the gothic genre. GothicRead MoreAnalysis Of Edgar Allan Poe s The Tell Tale Heart1104 Words   |  5 PagesPoe Psychoanalysis Psychoanalysis began with Sigmund Freud, also known as the founding father of psychoanalysis. Psychoanalysis is a method for treating mental illness and also a theory which explains human behavior. (McLeod) Freud broke his theory into 3 different levels, Id, Ego, and Superego. Edgar Allan Poe’s â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart† and the â€Å"Cask of Amontillado† focused deep into these levels of psychoanalysis specifically the superego and the id. Freud explained that our superego is our conscienceRead MoreAnalysis Of Edgar Allan Poe s The Tell Tale Heart 1560 Words   |  7 Pagesbelong to Mr. Poe. You see, Edgar Allan Poe is still one of the greatest masters of enticing emotion into readers. Whether it is psychological fear in short stories like Bernice and The Pit and the Pendulum or poetry about death, sadness, and love. But, Poe really does raise the bar when it comes to mystery in his poetry. From houses suddenly combusting in The Fall of the House of Usher and uncanny deliriums in The Tell-Tale Heart, mysteries of all kinds encompass Poe s works. Poe has mastered theRead MoreAnalysis Of Edgar Allan Poe s The Tell Tale Heart957 Words   |  4 Pageswhether madness is or is not the loftiness of intelligence,† (Edgar Allan Poe). Edgar Allan Poe is a well known and beloved writer of the horrid and meticulous. Through emphasis on his personal life and personal insanity, we get a glimpse inside the world that might be our own minds as well as stories that teach us life lessons as well as make our blood curdle and ponder over the deep emotions of Poe’s life. Stories such as the Tell-Tale Heart teach us of these life lessons. In this story the narratorRead MoreAnalysis Of Edgar Allan Poe s A Tell Tale Heart1289 Words   |  6 PagesInside the Heart There are many well-known poets, but not many are as unique as Edgar Allan Poe. By the age of 13, Poe had become a creative poet (Biographies). Many of Poe s works were horrific fictional stories. His first book was published in Boston in 1827, called Tamerlane and other Poems. More of Poe s major works include Tales of the Grotesque a d Arabesque, which included his most spine tingling tales such as Ligeia and The Fall of the House of Usher. Most of Poe s works haveRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe s The Tell Tale Heart857 Words   |  4 Pagesfear what they can t control. Author, Edgar Allan Poe wrote short stories that evoked emotions of fear of the unknown in a way that speaks to the reader. Some of Poe s stories were not well accepted in his day because people were just not ready for them- they were scary. Poe s works The Tell-Tale Heart, The Premature Burial and The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar evoke emotions of fear of the unknown for the reader Edgar Allan Poe s The Tell-Tale Heart, is a short story that illustrates theRead MoreWhy Should We Care?1748 Words   |  7 PagesWhy Should We Care?: Edgar Allan Poe â€Å"Few creatures of the night have captured [reader’s] imagination[s] like [Edgar Allan Poe]† (â€Å"Vampires†). Poe has fascinated the literary world since he first became known for writing in 1829, when he was just twenty years old (Chronology†). While he is widely known for exploring the macabre, his work is controversial because of its psychologically disturbing nature. Edgar Allan Poe is worth examining as an author because his many contributions to the literaryRead MoreThe Final Days of Edgar Allan Poe by Roger Francis 1732 Words   |  7 PagesEdgar Allan Poe is regarded as one of the most influential American writers of the nineteenth-century. Poe’s short stories posses the recurring themes of death, murder and his narrators often show signs of mental instability, like the old man in â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† and Montressor in â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado†. Since tragedy was prominent throughout Poe’s life, his wor k reflects the darkness ingrained by continuously being faced with adversity. Poe’s mental stability also comes into question when

The Boy King’s Treasure Free Essays

One of the most famous of all of the Egyptian kings or pharaohs in history is the boy king, Tutankhamen. Tutankhamen was not known for his accomplishments (even though he opened up religious tolerance which was absent during his father’s reign) or great building projects, but rather the artwork that came out of his burial chamber in the Valley of the Kings. His tomb is unique because most of the treasures and art was untouched and still intact. We will write a custom essay sample on The Boy King’s Treasure or any similar topic only for you Order Now The treasure that was put in the tomb showed the wealth that would be buried with the pharaohs and kings, and how much wealth the ancient Egyptian culture has been lost to modern times due to tomb raiders. There are many symbols that show the religion of the ancient Egyptians within the tomb such as the hawk symbol for Horus. The detail that was also shown on the death mask, sculptures, and even the coffin is a true marvel of metal works. Tutankhamen was a king during the New Kingdom period of the 18th Dynasty. The death of both kings some two years later resulted in the accession of Tutankhaton, as Tutankhamun was then called, when he was about nine years old and married to Ankhesenpaaton, Meritaton’s younger sister. †[1] Tutankhaton was also known to have been disfigured and weak, but by the painting and statues of him you would never guess. Tutankhaton did not rule long over Egypt dying at the aged of nineteen. Tutankhaton unlike the kings of the past with the giant p yramids, he was buried with many other kings of his time in the Valley of the Kings. The Valley of the Kings is, â€Å"which is a rocky desert west of the Nile opposite Luxor,†[2] this took fewer resources and had more room for the kings to have their tombs put into. Figure 1. Egyptian, Thebes: Tomb of Tutankhamen: King Ay complete ritual of opening of mouth on King Tut represented as Osiris, Date 1580-1085 B. C, Luxor, Egypt, New Kingdom-Dynasty XVIII–1580-1085 BC The picture above was found inside of Tutankhamen’s tomb which shows Tutankhamen’s successor Ay, and Tutankhamen dressed as the god, Osiris. The idea of this is to show the religious aspect where the King hopes to be able to rise from the dead just like Osiris. The picture depicts also a ritual called the opening of the mouth. This was link to both birth and death on someone. Historians were able to connect that the opening of the mouth ritual through Tutankhamen’s tomb and the pyramid texts that the opening of the mouth ritual has been around since the Old Kingdom in Egypt. â€Å"Although flint pss-kfs are rare after the beginning of the First Dynasty, models of the implement, often made of other types of stone, are known from Old Kingdom tombs and continue to occur occasionally as late as the Eighteenth Dynasty. [3] This was a great discovery for the religious and belief system of ancient Egyptians. This picture also show that the Canon law which was used when Egyptians depicted people, which was used in the Old Kingdom was still in use during the New Kingdom during Tutankhamun. Showing that both the religious and art basics within Egypt has not changed much over the course of the hundreds of year that span from the Old Kingdom to the New Kingdom. Figure 2. Egyptian, Funerary Mask of Tutankhamen, Date 1333-1323 BCE, Luxor, Egypt, New Kingdom, Eighteenth Dynasty The funerary mask that was found inside the tomb of Tutankhamun is one of the most famous pieces of art to have been discovered in the tomb. The funerary mask shows the amount of wealth the kings and pharaohs gathered over time. The materials that were used within the mask are made of solid gold and other semi-precious stones. The demotions of the funerary mask are, â€Å"height 54. 0 cm, width 39. 0 cm, depth 49. 0 cm. †[4] The shape of the mask is believed to be a pretty good depiction of what Tutankhamun looked like when he was alive. The rather narrow eyes, fleshy lips, and shape of the nose and chin all agree with the features visible on his mummy. †[5] This mask would have been buried on King Tutankhamun in the coffins for there were three coffins that were stacked inside one another (kind of like the Russian nesting dolls). All the coffins also had the almost identical mask piece as the funerary mask. The coffins were also made with extreme care and precision, whi ch includes both wood work and metal work. Figure 3. Egyptian, Statuette of Tutankhamen on Papyrus Boat as Harpooner: Front 3/4: from Tomb of Tutankhamen, Date 1350 B. C, Luxor, Egypt, New Kingdom-Dynasty XVIII–1580-1085 BC This piece of art has shown the amount of treasure that the kings gather being that it wooden figure gilded in gold. But the think that is that through scientific data there believe that Tutankhamen was a disfigured and weak person so to show him as a harpooner does not come to mind. This could be to show that the king was not weak to the outside and even to have the king to have a strong body in the afterlife. This piece of art also shows the â€Å"Egyptian sculptor’s ability to represent realistically the poise of the human body in the course of movement. †[6] The rest of the statuette was left out was a hippopotamus of Seth which was what Tutankhamen was harpooning. It was left out for a simple reason that it may be dangerous to the king in burial place of the king in the afterlife. â€Å"This gilded wooden figure represents Tutankhamun as Horus throwing a harpoon at one of Seth’s hippopotami. †[7] The perception that the king was the embodiment of Horus was still around from the beginning of the Kingdoms. Thanks to the discovery of the boy king’s tomb historian are able to see religious aspect of the ancient Egyptians and the wealth that has been lost through history. With the art work you can also see the masterful work of metal work that Egyptians mastered over a long time of metal working. Historians can also see that the times during Tutankhamun’s rule that the Egyptian were still using the canon of proportions as the Old and Middle Kingdoms periods. The tomb of Tutankhamun was a view of the past that was lost to historian and Egyptologist which helps to link the past with dates further back and to the future of the Egyptians. How to cite The Boy King’s Treasure, Papers

Seven Dimensions of Culture Essay Example

Seven Dimensions of Culture Essay In 1998, management consultants Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner published their â€Å"Seven Dimensions of Culture† model to help explain national cultural differences in organisations and to show how managing these differences in a heterogeneous business environment is a major challenge for international managers. Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner gathered data over ten years using a method that relied on giving respondents dilemmas or contrasting tendencies. Each dilemma consisted of two alternatives that were interpreted as indicators for basic attitudes and values. The questionnaire was sent to over 15,000 managers in 28 countries. At least 500 usable responses per country were received, enabling the two authors to make substantiated distinctions between national cultures. The two consultants distinguished seven connected processes formulated as dilemmas. A culture distinguishes itself from others by ‘preferring’ one side of a dilemma’s continuum. The seven, universal dimensions of cultures are: 1. UNIVERSALISM versus PLURALISM â€Å"What is more important – rules or relationships? † The degree of importance a culture assigns to either the law or to personal relationships. In a universalistic culture, people share the belief that general rules, codes, values and standards take precedence over the needs and claims of friends and other relationships. In a pluralistic culture, people see culture in terms of human friendship and intimate relationships. While rules do exist in a pluralistic culture, they merely codify how people relate to one another. 2. INDIVIDUALISM versus COMMUNITARISNISM â€Å"Do we function as a group or as individuals? † The degree to which people see themselves function more as a community or more as individuals. We will write a custom essay sample on Seven Dimensions of Culture specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Seven Dimensions of Culture specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Seven Dimensions of Culture specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In a principally individualistic culture, people place the individual before the community. This means that individual happiness, fulfilment and welfare prevails and people take their own initiative and take care of themselves. In a principally communitarian culture, people place the community before the individual. Thus, it is the responsibility of the individual to act in ways which serve society. In doing so, individual needs are automatically attended. 3. SPECIFIC versus DIFFUSE â€Å"How far to we get involved? † The degree to which responsibility is specifically assigned or is diffusely accepted. In a specific culture, people first analyse the elements individually and then put them together, the whole is the sum of its parts. People’s lives are divided accordingly and, only a single component can be entered at a time. Interactions between people are very well-defined. Specific individuals concentrate on hard facts, standards and contracts. A diffusely oriented culture starts with the whole and sees individual elements from the perspective of the total. All elements are related to one another. Relationships between elements are more important than individual elements. 4. AFFECTIVITY versus NEUTRALITY Do we display our emotions? † The degree to which individuals display their emotions. In an affective culture, people display their emotions and it is not deemed necessary to hide feelings. However, in a neutral culture, people are taught not to display their feelings overtly. The degree to which feelings become manifested is therefore minimal. While emotions are fel t, they are controlled. 5. INNER DIRECTED versus OUTER DIRECTED â€Å"Do we control our environment or work with it? † The degree to which individuals believe the environment can be controlled versus believing that the environment controls them. In an inner-directed culture, people have a mechanistic view of nature; nature is complex but can be controlled with the right expertise. People believe that humans can dominate nature, if they make the effort. In an outer-directed culture, people have an organic view of nature. Mankind is viewed as one of nature’s forces and should therefore live in harmony with the environment. People therefore adapt themselves to external circumstances. 6. ACHIEVED STATUS versus ASCRIBED STATUS â€Å"Do we have to prove ourselves to receive status or is it given to us? The degree to which individuals must prove themselves to receive status versus status simply given to them. In a culture with achieved status, people derive their status from what they have accomplished. Achieved status must be proven time and time again and status will be given accordingly. In a culture with ascribed status, people derive their status from birth, age, gender or wealth. Here status is not based on achievemen t but it is accorded on the basis of the person’s being. 7. SEQUENTIAL TIME versus SYNCHRONIC TIME â€Å"Do we do things one at a time or several things at once? The degree to which individuals do things one at a time versus several things at once. Cultures developed their own response to time. Time orientation has two aspects: the relative importance cultures assign to the past, present and future, and their approach to structuring time. In a sequential culture, people structure time sequentially and do things one at a time. In a synchronic time culture, people do several things at once, believing time is flexible and intangible. Past-oriented cultures A culture that is oriented towards the past views the future as a repetition of previous events and experiences. Characteristics include: respect for ancestors and collective historical events. Present-oriented cultures A culture primarily directed to the present does not attach great value to the past or future. Instead, individuals are directed by the daily demands of every day life. Future-oriented cultures A culture concentrated on future prospects and does not deem the past as significant for future events. Planning is a major activity among individuals in this culture. The seven dilemmas help managers better understand the ‘other side’ e. g. when trying to make trans-national projects or mergers work. Better understanding reduces the number of cultural driven misunderstandings and conflicts thereby reducing coordination costs. The model helps marketers understand how consumers in different countries behave differently towards the same product. pros: Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner provided a tool to explain how national culture differs and how culture can be measured. Their research showed that cultural differences matter and that reconciling cultural differences can lead to competitive advantage to companies in consolidating / globalising industries. Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner’s model gives employees who deal with cross-cultural relations a tool/context to better understand value sets and behaviours. Trompenaars’ research shows that the way business is conducted in one part of the world is different from the way it is done in another. Culture is an important aspect in doing international business. For example, Office Depot has learned that Japanese customers do not like to buy their supplies in large, well-stocked stores that offer discount prices. Japanese prefer stores where service is personal and are willing to pay higher prices for this. cons: The model fails to recognise the influence of personal characteristics on behaviour. The model distinguishes the differences between cultures, but does not provide recommendations on how to work with specific cultures. Additional dilemmas may be added to the seven original dimensions of culture. No assurance can be given that this list is complete. Trompenaars and others such as Hofstede emphasised that companies should acknowledge the differences between the cultures in which they operate. However, other authors including Ohmae (Borderless World) and Levitt (Globalisation of Markets) argue that national borders are diminishing and that the world should be seen as a whole and not made up of different countries with different cultures. Professor Trompenaars has studied how people in specific countries resolve dilemmas. After analyzing problem resolution behaviors, Dr. Trompenaars has identified 7 basic dimensions for culture. International trade consultants and lawyers consider these cultural dimensions when designing sales strategies where buyers and sellers originate from different cultures. This is particularly true for emerging markets unaccustomed to dealing with businesspersons from so-called more developed countries. Below is a brief summary of the seven cultural dimensions. Achievement vs. Ascription In an achievement culture, people are accorded status based on how well they perform their functions. High achievers are given status in achievement-oriented countries including Austria, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States. Achievers must continue to prove their worth, as status is accorded based on their actions. In an ascription culture, status is attributed based on who or what a person is. This is based on age, gender and social connections. Individualism vs. Communitarianism People make their own decisions and achieve success alone in highly individualistic countries including Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom and France. Emphasis is on personal responsibility and decision-making, and negotiations are made on the spot. Communitarianism is a culture like Japan that places the community before the individual. Success is achieved in groups, decisions are referred to committees and groups jointly assume responsibilities. Internal vs. External In an internalistic culture like the United States, people believe that what happens to them is their own doing. Many Asian countries have an external culture in which the environment shapes their destiny. Because they don’t believe they are in full control of their destinies, often externalistic people adapt to external circumstances. Neutral vs. Emotional In neutral cultures like Japan and the United Kingdom, emotions are held in check. People don’t show their feelings. In an emotional culture, feelings are expressed naturally and openly. People smile a great deal, talk loudly when excited and greet each other with enthusiasm. Mexico, Netherlands and Switzerland are high-emotion countries. Specific vs. Diffuse In what is called a specific culture, individuals are open to sharing a large public space with others and a small private space they guard closely and share with only friends and associates. Specific cultures like Austria, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States show a strong separation between work and private life. Invitations to public spaces are common. A diffuse culture features similarly sized public and private spaces. Like most introverts, diffuse culture people guard both spaces carefully, because entry into public space also affords entry into private space. China, Spain and Venezuela are examples of diffuse cultures where work and private life are closely linked but intensely protected. Time Orientation In sequential cultures like the United States, people tend to do one activity at a time. Appointments are strictly kept, with a strong preference for following plans. In synchronous cultures like France and Mexico, people usually do more than one activity at a time. Appointments are approximate, subject to change at any moment. Universalism vs. Particularism Universalistic countries focus more on formal rules than relationships. Nations characterized by high universalism believe that their ideas and practices can be applied worldwide without modification. Australia, Germany, Sweden and the United Kingdom are universalistic countries. America is also highly universalistic, which explains why U. S. multinationals repeatedly ignore relationships in a foreign culture. For example, Starbucks unsuccessfully launched its coffee shop in China’s Forbidden City while Germans rejected Wal-Mart’s standard big box stores. Particularistic countries place more emphasis on relationships than rules. Countries that practise high particularism include China, Indonesia and Venezuela. Particularistic peoples believe that circumstances dictate how ideas and practices are applied. Therefore, ideas and practices cannot be applied the same everywhere. References This article presents independent insights based on research from International Management, Culture, Strategy and Behavior (6th edition, Hodgetts-Luthans-DOH) and Trompenaars’s Seven Dimensions of Culture.